Jet measurements in pp, p--Pb and Pb--Pb collisions with ALICE at the LHC

We present a systematic study of jet measurements in pp, p--Pb and Pb--Pb collisions using the ALICE detector at the LHC. Jet production cross sections are measured in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 2.76 and 7~TeV, in p--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02~TeV and in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 2.76~TeV. Jet shape observables and fragmentation distributions are measured in pp collisions at 7~TeV. Jets are reconstructed at midrapidity in a wide range of transverse momentum using sequential recombination jet finding algorithms ($k_{\rm T}$, anti-$k_{\rm T}$, and SISCone) with several values of jet resolution parameter $R$ in the range 0.2 -- 0.6. Measurements are compared to Next-to-Leading Order (NLO) perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (pQCD) calculations and predictions from Monte Carlo (MC) event generators such as PYTHIA, PHOJET and HERWIG. Jet production cross sections are well reproduced by NLO pQCD calculations in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$~=~2.76~TeV. MC models could not explain the jet cross sections in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV, whereas jet shapes and fragmentation distributions are rather well reproduced by these models. The jet nuclear modification factor $R_{\rm pPb}$ in p--Pb collisions is found to be consistent with unity indicating the absence of large modifications of the initial parton distribution or strong final state effects on jet production, whereas a large jet suppression is observed in Pb--Pb central events with respect to peripheral events indicating formation of a dense medium in central Pb--Pb events.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, 7th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma, 1-5 February, 2015, Kolkata, Indi

Asynchronous Early Output Dual-Bit Full Adders Based on Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Delay-Insensitive Data Encoding

This paper presents the designs of asynchronous early output dual-bit full adders without and with redundant logic (implicit) corresponding to homogeneous and heterogeneous delay-insensitive data encoding. For homogeneous delay-insensitive data encoding only dual-rail i.e. 1-of-2 code is used, and for heterogeneous delay-insensitive data encoding 1-of-2 and 1-of-4 codes are used. The 4-phase return-to-zero protocol is used for handshaking. To demonstrate the merits of the proposed dual-bit full adder designs, 32-bit ripple carry adders (RCAs) are constructed comprising dual-bit full adders. The proposed dual-bit full adders based 32-bit RCAs incorporating redundant logic feature reduced latency and area compared to their non-redundant counterparts with no accompanying power penalty. In comparison with the weakly indicating 32-bit RCA constructed using homogeneously encoded dual-bit full adders containing redundant logic, the early output 32-bit RCA comprising the proposed homogeneously encoded dual-bit full adders with redundant logic reports corresponding reductions in latency and area by 22.2% and 15.1% with no associated power penalty. On the other hand, the early output 32-bit RCA constructed using the proposed heterogeneously encoded dual-bit full adder which incorporates redundant logic reports respective decreases in latency and area than the weakly indicating 32-bit RCA that consists of heterogeneously encoded dual-bit full adders with redundant logic by 21.5% and 21.3% with nil power overhead. The simulation results obtained are based on a 32/28nm CMOS process technology

Latency Optimized Asynchronous Early Output Ripple Carry Adder based on Delay-Insensitive Dual-Rail Data Encoding

Asynchronous circuits employing delay-insensitive codes for data representation i.e. encoding and following a 4-phase return-to-zero protocol for handshaking are generally robust. Depending upon whether a single delay-insensitive code or multiple delay-insensitive code(s) are used for data encoding, the encoding scheme is called homogeneous or heterogeneous delay-insensitive data encoding. This article proposes a new latency optimized early output asynchronous ripple carry adder (RCA) that utilizes single-bit asynchronous full adders (SAFAs) and dual-bit asynchronous full adders (DAFAs) which incorporate redundant logic and are based on the delay-insensitive dual-rail code i.e. homogeneous data encoding, and follow a 4-phase return-to-zero handshaking. Amongst various RCA, carry lookahead adder (CLA), and carry select adder (CSLA) designs, which are based on homogeneous or heterogeneous delay-insensitive data encodings which correspond to the weak-indication or the early output timing model, the proposed early output asynchronous RCA that incorporates SAFAs and DAFAs with redundant logic is found to result in reduced latency for a dual-operand addition operation. In particular, for a 32-bit asynchronous RCA, utilizing 15 stages of DAFAs and 2 stages of SAFAs leads to reduced latency. The theoretical worst-case latencies of the different asynchronous adders were calculated by taking into account the typical gate delays of a 32/28nm CMOS digital cell library, and a comparison is made with their practical worst-case latencies estimated. The theoretical and practical worst-case latencies show a close correlation....Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1704.0761

Eigenfunctions of the Laplace-Beltrami Operator on Hyperboloids

Eigenfunctions of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on a hyperboloid are studied in the spirit of the treatment of the spherical harmonics by Stein and Weiss. As a special case, a simple self-contained proof of Laplace's integral for a Legendre function is obtained.Comment: 5 page

Predoctoral Dental Students’ Perceptions of Dental Implant Training: Effect of Preclinical Simulation and Clinical Experience

The aims of this study were to assess 1) differences in perceptions of dental implant training between dental students who received didactic training alone (control group) and those who received didactic plus simulation training (test group); 2) differences in response between students with and without clinical experience in implant dentistry; and 3) the interaction effect of simulation training and clinical experience on students’ satisfaction. A survey was distributed to the control group in 2014 and to the test group in 2015; both groups were at the same U.S. dental school. Data were collected on confidence levels with various implant restorative procedures along with overall satisfaction and number of implant restorations performed by each student. The response rate was 78.7% in the control group and 81.3% in the test group. In the control group, 85.7% of students reported being satisfied with implant training compared to 90.8% of students in the test group. The interaction effect of simulation training and clinical experience on overall student satisfaction was OR=1.5 at 95% CI: 0.8, 3.0. The students who had clinical experience with implant restorative procedures had significantly greater satisfaction than those who did not (OR=4.8, 95% CI: 2.1, 11.1,

On the SL(2) period integral

Let E/F be a quadratic extension of number fields. For a cuspidal representation $\pi$ of SL(2,A_E), we study the non-vanishing of the period integral on SL(2,F)\SL(2,A_F). We characterise the non-vanishing of the period integral of $\pi$ in terms of $\pi$ being generic with respect to characters of E\A_E which are trivial on A_F. We show that the period integral in general is not a product of local invariant functionals, and find a necessary and sufficient condition when it is. We exhibit cuspidal representations of SL(2,A_E) whose period integral vanishes identically while each local constituent admits an SL(2)-invariant linear functional. Finally, we construct an automorphic representation $\pi$ on SL(2,A_E) which is abstractly SL(2,A_F) distinguished but none of the elements in the global L-packet determined by $\pi$ is distinguished by SL(2,A_F)